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Discuss several ways in which microorganisms can help in meeting the current fuel shortage.

The current fuel shortage is a global issue that is affecting many countries, including India. The shortage is caused by a combination of factors, including changes in weather patterns, inadequate maintenance of refineries and pipelines, and increased demand for fuel.  Microorganisms can help solve the fuel shortage in several ways: Bioprocessing: Microorganisms can remove impurities … Read more

Dam failures are always catastrophic, especially on the downstream side, resulting in a colossal loss of life and property. Analyze the various causes of dam failures. Give two examples of large dam failures.

A dam failure or dam burst is a catastrophic type of structural failure characterized by the sudden, rapid, and uncontrolled release of impounded water or the likelihood of such an uncontrolled release. The following are some of the impacts of dam failures on the downstream side: Loss of Life Property Damage Negative Impact on Fisheries … Read more

What is oil pollution? What are its impacts on the marine ecosystem? In what way is oil pollution particularly harmful for a country like India?

Human-caused oil pollution involves the release of liquid petroleum hydrocarbon into the environment, especially the marine ecosystem. Land or marine oil spills can have serious social, economic, and environmental effects.  Following are some impacts of oil pollution on marine life: Fouling or Oiling: Oil destroys fur-bearing mammals’ insulation and birds’ water repellency, exposing them to … Read more

Introduce the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI). How does Al help clinical diagnosis? Do you perceive any threat to privacy of the individual in the use of Al in healthcare?

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a field of computer science that focuses on creating machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.  AI can help clinical diagnosis in several ways, as shown below: Medical image analysis: AI algorithms can analyse X-rays, MRIs, ultrasounds, CT scans, and DXAs to help healthcare providers find patterns and … Read more

Q.) Explain the difference between computing methodology of India’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) before the year 2015 and after the year 2015. (2021)

GDP is defined as a measure that expresses the economic value of a country’s economic activities. In other words, it is the market value of all the goods and services produced within an economy in a particular period. The National Statistical Office calculates the GDP figures (NSO). In 2015, a new series was launched to … Read more

Women empowerment in India needs gender budgeting. What are the requirements and status of gender budgeting in the Indian context? (2016)

Planning from a gender perspective is known as gender budgeting. It explicitly set aside funds for the progress of women. In 2005, it started in India. A list of programs that emphasized the welfare of women was included in the budget statement. They were divided into two categories: 1) women-specific schemes (those having a 100% … Read more

“Investment in infrastructure is essential for more rapid and inclusive economic growth. ”Discuss in the light of India’s experience. (2021)

The nation’s basic infrastructural facilities serve as the building blocks for growth. The economy functions below ideal levels and continues to lag behind its potential and trajectory of frontier growth in the absence of suitable infrastructure. Infrastructure spending is necessary for more rapid and inclusive economic growth 1) Construction of infrastructure, such as roads, buildings, … Read more

What are the salient features of ‘inclusive growth’? Has India been experiencing such a growth process? Analyze and suggest measures for inclusive growth. (2017)

Inclusive growth is the development of a country with equal chances and without prejudice. All individuals (poor and rich), all geographies, and all economic sectors (agricultural, industry, services) contribute equally to inclusive growth. Salient features of inclusive growth 1) Skill Development– Employability, health, education, vocational training, and skills of the working age population will determine … Read more