Differentiate ‘moral intution’ from ‘moral reasoning’ with suitable examples. (2023, 10 Marks)
Moral intuition and moral reasoning UPSC GS4 2023 model answer: clear differences with examples from daily life and administration.
Theory QnA
“It is not enough to talk about peace, one must believe in it; and it is not enough to believe in it, one must act upon it.” In the present context, the major weapon industries of the developed nations are adversely influencing continuation of number of wars for their own self-interest, all around the world. What are the ethical considerations of the powerful nations in today’s international arena to stop continuation of ongoing conflicts? (2024, 10 Marks)
Ethics of peace arms trade UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: what powerful nations owe the world to stop wars fuelled by weapon industries.
Given below are three quotations of great thinkers. What do each of these quotations convey to you in the present context? a. “Learn everything that is good from others, but bring it in, and in your own way absorb it, do not become others.” – Swami Vivekananda (2024, 10 Marks)
Swami Vivekananda quote UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: what “learn everything that is good from others… do not become others” means in the present context.
“The soul of the new law, Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita (BNS) is Justice, Equality and Impartiality based on Indian culture and ethos. Discuss this in the light of a major shift from a doctrine of punishment to justice in the present judicial system. (2024, 10 Marks)
Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: how BNS reflects justice, equality and impartiality, and the shift from punishment to justice.
“Global warming and climate change are the outcomes of human greed in the name of development, indicating the direction in which extinction of organisms including human beings is heading towards loss of life on Earth. How do you put an end to this to protect life and bring equilibrium between society and the environment?” (2024, 10 Marks)
Global warming and human greed UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: the ethics of climate change and how to restore balance between society and environment.
“The ‘Code of Conduct’ and ‘Code of Ethics’ are the sources of guidance in public administration. There is code of conduct already in operation, whereas code of ethics is not yet put in place. Suggest a suitable model for code of ethics to maintain integrity, probity and transparency in governance. (2024, 10 Marks)
Code of ethics UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: how it differs from the code of conduct and a model code for integrity, probity and transparency.
“Ethics encompasses several key dimensions that are crucial in guiding individuals and organizations towards morally responsible behaviour.” Explain the key dimensions of ethics that influence human actions. Discuss how these dimensions shape ethical decision-making in the professional context. (2024, 10 Marks)
Dimensions of ethics UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: key dimensions like duty, consequences, virtue and justice, and how they guide decisions at work.
“In Indian culture and value system, an equal opportunity has been provided irrespective of gender identity. The number of women in public service has been steadily increasing over the years.” Examine the gender-specific challenges faced by female public servants and suggest suitable measures to increase their efficiency in discharging their duties and maintaining high standards of probity. (2024, 10 Marks)
Women public servants UPSC GS4 2024 model answer: gender-specific challenges female officers face and measures to boost efficiency and probity.