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Bay of Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC) was established as a grouping of four nations — India, Thailand, Bangladesh and Sri Lanka through the Bangkok Declaration of 1997 to promote rapid economic development. Its members lie in the littoral and adjacent areas of the Bay of Bengal constituting a contiguous regional … Read more

Numerous factors are contributing to an increase in the frequency of urban flooding brought on by heavy rainfall. Because of the excess particulate matter, urban areas typically receive more rainfall than their rural counterparts (vehicular aerosols and pollution). They serve as condensation nuclei and boost precipitation. In addition, the expanded built-up area absorbs more solar … Read more

Globalization means free trade in goods, services, and capital. Globalization boosted the economy’s multidimensional efficiency, but it also promoted flexible employment and informalization. Globalization has reduced formal sector employment for the following reasons- 1) Globalization exposes technologies globally, leading to robotics and other technology replacing manpower. 2) India has 2% skilled labour compared to 96% … Read more

An earthquake is a sudden shaking of the earth’s surface, whereas an earthquake hazard is anything related to an earthquake that has the potential to disrupt people’s lifestyles. Earthquake hazards can manifest themselves in a variety of ways, including ground shaking, surface rupture, landslide, liquefaction, tectonic deformation, and tsunami. India’s vulnerability to earthquake-related hazards: 1. … Read more

“Social auditing plays a critical part in the proper execution of welfare programs for vulnerable populations.” Comment.  The study and assessment of a program/scheme with the active participation of people, as well as the comparison of official records with actual ground realities, is referred to as a social audit. Social audit is a valuable method … Read more